The Science of Reading Comprehension Instruction

Decades of research offer important understandings about the nature comprehension and its development. Drawing on both classic contemporary research, in this article, we identify some key reading processes instruction, including these: Comprehension instruction should begin early, teaching word-reading bridging skills (including graphophonological semantic cognitive flexibility, morphological awareness, fluency) supports development, is not automatic even when fluency strong, text structures features fosters vary by what why are reading, strategy improves comprehension, vocabulary knowledge building support supporting engagement with (volume discussion analysis text, writing) instructional practices that kindle motivation improve comprehension. We present a visual depiction model, emphasizing layered impactful instruction.